阅读Passage l,完成问题。
Passage 1
In recent years, however, society has come to understand the limitations of schools that merely sort and rank students. We have discovered that students in the bottom one-third to one-half of the rank order —plus all who drop out before being ranked--fail to develop the foundational reading, writing, and mathematical proficiencies needed to survive in, let alone contribute to, an increasingly technically complex and ethnically diverse culture. So today, in asking schools to leave no child behind, society is asking that educators raise up the bottom of the rank-order distribution to a specified level of competence. We call those expectations our"academic achievement standards". Every state has them, and, as a matter of public policy, schools are to be held accountable for making sure that all students meet them.
To be clear, the mission of sorting has not been eliminated from the schooling process. For the foresee-able future, students will still be ranked at the end of high school. However, society now dictates that such a celebration of differences in amount learned must start at a certain minimum level of achievement for all.
The implications of this change in mission for the role of assessment are profound. Assessment and grad-ing procedures designed to permit only a few students to succeed ( those at the top of the rank-order distribu-tion) must now be revised to permit the possibility that all students could succeed at some appropriate level.
Furthermore, procedures that permitted( perhaps even encouraged)some students to give up in hopelessness and to stop trying must now be replaced by others that promote hope and continuous effort. In short, the entire emotional environment surrounding the prospect of being evaluated must change, especially for perennial low achievers.
The students' mission is no longer merely to beat other students in the achievement race. At least part of their goal must be to become competent. Teachers must believe that all students can achieve a certain level of academic success, must bring all of their students to believe this of themselves, must accommodate the fact that students learn at different rates by making use of differentiated instruction, and must guide all students toward the attainment of standards.
The driving dynamic force for students cannot merely be competition for an artificial scarcity of success.
Because all students can and must succeed in meeting standards, cooperation and collaboration must come into play. The driving forces must be confidence, optimism, and persistence--for all, not just for some. All students must come to believe that they can succeed at learning if they try. They must have continuous access to evidence of what they believe to be credible academic success, however small. This new understanding has spawned increased interest in formative assessment in recent years.
Which of the following would happen due to the change in mission for the role of assessment?
阅读Passage 2,完成问题。
Passage 2
The subject of ballads, books and films, Robin Hood has proven to be one of popular culture's most en-during folk heroes. Over the course of 700 years, the outlaw from Nottinghamshire who robs the rich to give to the poor has emerged as one of the most enduring folk heroes in popular culture--and one of the most versa-tile. But how has the legend of Sherwood Forest's merry outlaws evolved over time7 Did a real Robin Hood inspire these classic tales?
Beginning in the lSth century and perhaps even earlier,Christian revelers in certain parts of England celebrated May Day with plays and games involving a Robin Hood figure with near-religious significance. In the 19th century,writer-illustrators like Howard Pyle adapted the traditional tales for children, popularizing them in the United States and around the world. More recently, bringing Robin to the silver screen has be-come a rite of passage for directors ranging from Michael Curtiz and Ridley Scott to Terry Gilliam and Mel Brooks.
Throughout Robin's existence, writers, performers and filmmakers have probed their imaginations for new incarnations that resonate with their respective audiences. In 14th-century England,where agrarian discontent had begun to chip away at the feudal system, he appears as an anti-establishment rebel who murders govern-ment agents and wealthy landowners. Later variations from times of less social upheaval dispense with the gore and cast Robin as a dispossessed aristocrat with a heart of gold and a love interest, Maid Marian.
Academics, meanwhile, have combed the historical record for evidence of a real Robin Hood. English le-gal records suggest that, as early as the 13th century, "Robehod," "Rabunhod" and other variations had be-come common epithets for criminals. But what had inspired these nicknames:a fictional tale, an infamous bandit or an amalgam of both? The first literary references to Robin Hood appear in a series of 14th- and 15th-century ballads about a violent yeoman who lived in Sherwood Forest with his men and frequently clashed with the Sheriff of Nottingham. Rather than a peasant, knight or fallen noble, as in later versions, the protagonist of these medieval stories is a commoner. Little John and Will Scarlet are part of this Robin's"merry" crew--meaning, at the time, an outlaw's gang--but Maid Marian, Friar Tuck and Alan-a-Dale would not enter the legend until later, possibly as part of the May Day rituals.
While most contemporary scholars have failed to turn up solid clues, medieval chroniclers took for gran-ted that a historical Robin Hood lived and breathed during the 12th or 13th century. The details of their ac- counts vary widely, however, placing him in conflicting regions and eras. Not until John Major's History of Greater Britain( 1521 ) ,for example, is he depicted as a follower of King Richard ,one of his defining charac-teristics in modern times.
We may never know for sure whether Robin Hood ever existed outside the verses of ballads and pages of books. And even if we did, fans, young and old, would still surely flock to England's Nottinghamshire region for a tour of the legend's alleged former hangouts, from centuries-old pubs to the Major Oak in Sherwood Forest. What we do know is that the notion of a brave rebel who lives on the outskirts of society, fighting injustice and oppression with his band of companions, has universal appeal--whether he's played by Erroll Flynn,Russell Crowe or even,as on a 1979 episode of "The Muppet Show," Kermit the Frog.
Which of the following is true about Maid Marian according to the passage?
以下片段为某听力课堂教学实录,听力材料与广播相关。
1.教师以问题“What information can we get on the radio?”来激活学生有关radi0的信息。在师生互动中,教师让学生进一步感知、认识、熟读、记忆生词newspaper,reporter,latest,score等;然后要求学生把屏幕上给出的词(1atest,newspaper,rain,report,result,score,sunny,Win)分为news,sport,weather三类,如与sport相关的词汇为result,score,win。
2.教师在大屏幕上给出五个问题,让学生快速读题,抓住问题中的关键词latest,score,weather,iobs,并根据问题预测听力材料的主要内容。
(1) What's the latest news?
Russian president_______for a visit to China.
(2) What's the score of theChina-England match?
_______.
(3) What's the weather going to be like?
It's going to be_______.
(4) What are the jobs of ...?
Li Ming is a_______. Wang Mei is a_______.
(5) What's the main idea of the last news?
_______.
根据所给信息从下列四个方面作答。
该教学片段反映了教学中的哪个环节?指出该教学片段中活动的两个优点。
简述该教师的两个设计意图。
该教师可能采用了哪种听力教学模式?
该教师给出的五个问题是为了培养哪两种听力技能?
语音教学主要包括语音层次和语流层次的教学。请简述语音层次的教学内容及其一般的教学实施步骤,并各举一例说明。
语音教学主要包括语音层次和语流层次的教学。请简述语音层次的教学内容及其一般的教学实施步骤,并各举一例说明。
设计任务:请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材,设计15分钟的英语听说教学方案。该教案没有固定格式,但必须包含下列要点:
● teaching objectives
● teaching contents
●key and difficult points
●major steps and time allocation
● activities and justifications
教学时间:l5分钟
学生概况:某城镇普通中学七年级(初中一年级)学生,班级人数40人。多数学生已达到《义务教育英语课程标准》(2011年版)二级水平,学生课堂参与积极性不高。
语言素材:
Hi! I am Tony. I don't like to get up early. In the morning I get up at eight. Then I go to school at eight thirty. I don't have much time for breakfast, so I usually eat very quickly. For lunch. I usually eat hamburgers. After school, I sometimes play basketball for half an hour. When I get home, I always do my homework first. In the evening I either watch TV or play computer games. At ten thirty, I brush my teeth and then I go to bed.
Mary is my sister. She usually gets up at six thirty. Then she always takes a shower and eats a good breakfast. After that, she goes to school at eight thirty. At twelve, she eats lots of fruit and vegetables for lunch. After lunch she sometimes plays volleyball. She always eats ice-cream after dinner. She knows it's not good for her, but it tastes good! In the evening, she does her homework and usually swims or takes a walk. At nine thirty, she goes to bed.
根据题意回答问题。